Chronic Posthemorrhagic Anemia
(Internal Disease - Circulatory)
Chronic Posthemorrhagic Anemia is also known as Thalassemia or Cooley’s Anaemia.
Etiology. Arises as a result of repeated bleeding for a long period.
Symptoms and flow is characterized by gradually developing weakness, shortness of breath with movements, heart palpitations, dizziness. Pale skin and visible mucous membranes. The picture of blood to the forefront decline in hemoglobin and red blood cells. As a result of chronic bleeding there is increased loss of body iron stores, which affects a hypochromia of erythrocytes and thus to reduce the color index of blood to 0,6-0,7. Reveals the degenerative forms of erythrocytes: poykilotsity, anizotsity. The number of reticulocytes increased to 2-3%, Leukopenia. The platelet count remained within normal limits. In bone marrow increased erythrocyte germ, which increases the number of basophilic and polychromatic forms. Chronic hemorrhagic anemia is often hypo-regenerative.
Recognition is not difficult. More difficult are cases of blood loss from internal organs, particularly bleeding ulcers and tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Chronic hemorrhagic anemia need to differentiate from sepsis, systemic neoplasm and chronic atrophic process (reticulosis, myeloma). Necessary to consider the data history for the presence of nasal bleeding, uterine, from the gastrointestinal tract.
Haemogram indicates a more or less than the combined reduction of hemoglobin and red blood cells, in contrast to iron deficiency anemia, in-which becomes more pronounced decrease in hemoglobin, and in contrast to the B12-deficient anemia, which is the most reduced number of red blood cells. When adenopathy and increased spleen size should be excluded hyperplastic leukemic process (aleukemic reticulosis).
Treatment is direct to remove the causes of bleeding, and then to the appointment of anti-anemia (transfusion of whole blood or red blood cells), the use of substances that stimulate hematopoiesis, substances, which are plastic materials needed to process blood. Vitamin B, C, iron, and liver medicines.
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